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1. Be Careful and Thorough. Avoid common problems like illegible hand writing, mathematical errors, transposition of numbers, and missing signature. These little oversights can end up costing you time and money if you are slapped with penalties.

2. Get Organized. Allow enough time to get your “stuff” in order. For example, properly categorizing your expenditures now will save you a lot of time later. Come tax time, you will be glad you grouped your expenditures by category (match it with verbiage on Schedule C if self-employed) and not by month or name of vendor payee.

3. ?Be Flexible. Timing your cash flow can save you money. ?In other words, always accelerate deductions in the year you are doing taxes for and always defer income, if you can, into the next year, thereby lowering your current year’s tax bite. ?If you fall into the Alternative Minimum Tax, you may want a professional to advise you.

4. ?Know When To Ask for Help. Tax preparation tools like TurboTax and TaxCut are great, but people with anything more than a straight W-2 (including anyone with even the smallest business ?Schedule C”) should be aware of the limitations of these software programs.

5. Don’t be Penny Wise and Pound Foolish. Hiring an expert CPA or EA to prepare your return is a small annual investment that can pay off big! Don’t do your taxes yourself unless you are a straight W-2 wage earner that takes the Standard Deductions (in other words, someone who doesn’t itemize or have any unreimbursed employee business expenses).

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Each year there are millions of Americans who prepare their own federal and state tax returns and even more individuals have their taxes professionally prepared. Whatever choice a taxpayer makes there are a number of important tax tips that everyone should know.

A W-2 or 1099MISC is needed to accurately prepare a federal or state income tax return. There is always a chance that a taxpayer may misplace these forms or for one reason or another the forms may not have reached them. For federal tax returns and most state tax returns a W-2 or a 1099MISC is required. Individuals who do not attach these items are likely to prevent their tax returns from being processed or cause a refund delay. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) states that all taxpayer should receive their W-2 or 1099MISC forms before February 15th. Individuals who did not receive these items are encourage to contact their employer to determine why the forms have not arrived. Taxpayers who misplaced their W-2 or 1099MISC forms are encouraged to contact their employer right away to receive a copy. Taxpayers must do so because even if a wage or income form is missing a tax return is due on the traditional April 15th deadline or else late fees and penalties may be assessed.

Another one of the popular tax tips that taxpayers should know about is tax deductions. It is estimated that each year the American public loses millions of dollars from tax deductions that they were entitled to, but failed to claim. A professional tax preparer and a tax software program may prompt an individual to claim tax deductions that they qualify for. Individuals preparing their own paper taxes are more likely to miss tax deductions that they may claim. To prevent this from happening taxpayers are encouraged to research the most frequently overlooked tax deductions to determine which deductions they may qualify for.

Another one of the most common tax tips that taxpayers need to be aware of is what to do if they can’t pay the amount of taxes owed on federal or state tax returns. The biggest mistake that taxpayers make when realizing that they cannot pay the amount due on their taxes is to not file a tax return. Some people think that not filing a return will prevent a refund from being owed on time when in reality it can make the situation a lot worse. Taxpayers can file an extension deadline; however, the estimated amount of taxes owed is still due on the traditional tax deadline. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) will impose a number of late fees and penalties on tax payments that were not received in time. Just ignoring the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) may increase the number of or the amount of penalties.

http://www.taxhelpdirectory.com/irs/irstaxlaw/

One of the most important tax tips that a taxpayer needs to keep in mind is that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and many state governments change or update their tax laws each year. For this is reason taxpayers are encouraged to check out the website of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or the website of their state tax department to determine if any of the tax law changes need to be applied to their federal or state tax returns.

These helpful tax tips are just a few of the many tax tips that can help tax preparation flow more smoothly. The above mentioned tax tips will also help to reduce the amount of money that an individual owes on federal or state taxes or even potentially increase the amount of their refund. Why pay late fees or lose money on tax deductions that you deserve? Let these and other helpful tax tips assist you this tax season.

A very important part of personal financial planning is tax planning. This article will help you take the mystery out of personal tax Planning by providing a financial planning perspective for your overall tax situation.

1. Be aware of the different types of taxes

Many people are not aware of the different types of tax systems that we have. Income: Federal, State and Local. Real estate tax. Tax on Investments: Dividends, interest, capital gain, and passive income on stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and investment real estate. Estate or Inheritance Tax: Federal and state tax due on the estate or the inheritor. Gift tax: tax on giver of large gifts. Entitlement Tax: Social Security and Medicare (FICA), Federal Unemployment (FUTA). Sales, self employment, and corporate taxation.

2. Consider working with a Qualified Tax Professional

Tax planning can be complex for many people, therefore it may be wide to work with a trusted professional tax advisor.

Tax advisors not only prepare your taxes but can help make decisions that will affect your future. They can serve as advisors for a whole host of matters and they can represent you if you face the dreaded audit. Consider the following when selecting a tax professional:

- Local: Someone that you can easily meet with face to face

- Personable: Someone that you can interact with and who cares about you

- Proactive: Some tax preparers simply look at your previous year’s return and plug your current numbers into last year’s format. This of course assumes that last year’s preparer knew what he/she was doing. Try to find a preparer who knows your situation. A proactive professional will ask questions that will help you anticipate changes in your tax situation to help you properly plan in advance

- Reputable: Find a professional with a good reputation. Ask people you admire for a referral.

- Skilled: Look for an accountant that is very competent. You have to be smart to obtain a degree in accounting or law.

Fees: Find out up front what they estimate their fees to be, what they charge to file electronically and whether they will represent you in an IRS audit. Avoid any ‘early refund’ ploys. Some well known tax preparation companies ‘provide’ this service which charges a hefty fee (with a lot of small print) and a lot of advertised hype for you to get your refund ‘early’. It is basically a high-interest loan. Just waiting for your actual refund will save you a lot of money.

3. Remember, tax preparation entails both art and science

The science involves the mathematical calculations that in most instances can be figured using calculators and software, and the infinite number of complex tax laws.

The art of tax planning comes into play with interpretation of any special circumstances. There are some areas of tax law that leave the government’s intentions unclear. No law can completely anticipate each person’s situation. You could call a dozen different IRS agents with the same question and get as many different answers. A proactive planner will research any unusual circumstances you may have and help you plan a course of action.

4. Doing Your Taxes Yourself?

I firmly believe in getting professional tax assistance. However, I realize that many people prefer to do their own taxes perhaps to save money, or perhaps you have cleaned up the mess a ’store front’ preparer made of your taxes and vow to do your own. It has been my experience that often the professional tax preparer has saved us the amount of their fee in our taxes. The peace of mind that the taxes are done right has a value all its own.

However, people who have prepared their own taxes at least once with paper and pencil or software usually understand taxes much better. If you self-prepare your taxes, consider having a qualified accountant review them before you send them in. They may find things you or the software might have missed.

If you made less than $54,000 in 2007, you can file your taxes electronically for free through the irs.gov website www.irs.gov/efile/. If you use tax software and wish to e-file be aware of the fees so that you can budget and compare prices properly. For example, a download of Turbo Tax Home and Business Federal and State for 2006 cost just under $100 and the filing fees cost around $30. Some States allow you to ‘phone in’ your State return for free.

If you choose to mail your return, go to your local post office and send it ‘Certified Return Receipt’ mail to insure that you have a record that the IRS received your paperwork. This will cost around $10 or less and will be worth every penny should the IRS contest the receipt of your return.

5. Keep great records

If you are already very organized you may read this section just to feel great about your organization skills or skip to the next section. If, however you have heard ‘get organized’ many times before and if you are the type of person who balks at the idea of organizing that mess of receipts just remember how you felt last year as tax time approached. You could become organized in only one evening of television viewing with the right tools. Arm yourself with an accordion file with at least 16 sections. Label them according to your situation or use the following sections: Auto, Bank, Business, Credit Cards, Dental, Medical, General Receipts, Grocery, Income, Insurance, Mortgage, Utilities, School, and Taxes. Now sort your receipts into these sections. Organizing your receipts will help you “Take the mystery out of…” your financial situation. Use a new accordion file every year. Not only will this help you find needed information, it will also help you find a receipt in case you need to return an item you purchased. . Your tax professional will be sending you a tax organizer the end of December or the first of January. In this organizer will be a list of information that you will need to gather. Becoming organized will help you easily gather the information you need to fill out your tax organizer.

6. Start early

Do not procrastinate on your taxes. Tax professionals are unbelievably busy January through April. Firms who prepare business returns also have a crazy March 15 business deadline. We are providing this information because we want you to get the most attention from your preparer during their craziest season. As soon as you get your organizer, begin gathering the needed papers. If you are only missing one or two pieces of information return the organizer to your accountant with a note that says what is missing. They will begin entering the information in their software. Try to get a January or February meeting with your accountant. These months are the best to meet because they will have more time to spend with you and they will be able to think proactively. If you are looking for a professional, start looking now.

Another reason to start early is allowing yourself time to look for records, ask financial institutions for copies of lost information, or calling investment companies for statements.

7. Judicious Paycheck Tax Withholding

Many people like to overpay their taxes, so that they get a nice refund in time for vacations or other wants and needs - Kind of like a forced savings. Overpaying taxes is like a giving the government an interest free loan of your money.

Good financial management involves developing savings habits so that you set aside money in an interest bearing account from each paycheck for future needs, wants and emergencies. This helps you to avoid using credit cards for those things and not having to wait until refund time. Secondly it then allows you to manage how much you can afford or are able to put into 401(k) plans at work. This accomplishes two things, first you are managing your money better and you are saving for retirement. Saving for retirement in tax deductible retirement plans like 401(k)s will also lower your taxes, enabling you to save more for retirement and everyday needs and wants.

If you want to lower the taxes that are being withheld from your paycheck, file a new W-4 form with your employer to claim an additional withholding. Make adjustment for getting married, divorced, having children and for increasing contributions to tax deductible retirement plans. Your accountant will help you estimate this.

8. Tax planning is not the tail that wags the dog

Taxes consume a large if not the largest single percentage of your income, therefore good financial planning should strive to lessen them, by whatever means possible as allowed by law.

However, tax planning is not the only core issue of good financial planning. Tax planning works in concert with your overall goals and your individual situation.

Tax preparation software has become increasingly popular over the past few years. As a result paid preparers are becoming more expensive which in turn increases the number of people in search of tax preparation software! Anyone in need of a perfect Catch 22 scenario can feel free to quote my last sentence! Those hesitant to use the software often fear making mistakes. A mistake in either direction can be costly. A mistake in the governments favor can cost you monetarily. A mistake in your own favor can cause an audit and in turn cost you monetarily. I offer the following guidelines as a safe approach to your tax management.

Tax professionals are in the zone. They think, eat and breathe taxes for at least a few months a year and see a variety of scenarios. Therefore, it stands to reason that they may be more sensitive to economic and situational indicators that have an effect on your tax return preparation. Asking the right questions is key. As a general rule I would (and do) sit with a tax professional in any year that there is a significant change. These changes include a dramatic increase or decrease in income, a marriage, a birth or an adoption of a child (especially adoption, due to associated costs being deductible), a change in a business loss or gain status, the selling or buying of a home, etc.

Once your situation plateaus tax preparation software is a less expensive alternative. This method requires a little more work on your part, however. Rather than having your preparer ask you the questions, you will have to read the questions (not so difficult). I strongly suggest getting a second opinion (a little more work). Run your numbers through one of the online tax prep services that require payment only when filing. Often you can print these forms without paying or filing they are just marked with a DO NOT FILE to prevent you from simply mailing them in. This ?second opinion? will give you peace of mind that your return has been prepared correctly. The following website compares multiple features and prices of 10 different tax software products: http://tax-software-review.toptenreviews.com/.

If you find that you have been using tax preparation software for a number of years, you might want to visit a paid preparer and ask them to take a quick look at a couple of previous year filings as well as prepare the current year?s filing. The preparation of the current year?s filing will get you in the door. Tax preparers tend to be anxious to find others mistakes, even if that ?other? is an automated software company! If a mistake is found you can choose to have the preparer amend prior year returns or do so yourself as most software products have this option.

Even in the years that I have chosen to use a paid tax preparer, I run my simple numbers through an online software program just to get a ballpark figure. (By simple numbers I am referring to the info on any W2?s) This is helpful for planning and prepares me to have an intelligent conversation with the preparer if I have any concerns.

Tax preparation software is a less expensive alternative that I suggest using in combination with the professional services of a paid tax preparer. The guidelines above will help you reduce error and give you peace of mind while greatly reducing your cumulative tax preparation costs.

?He who is his own lawyer has a fool for a client.?? — ancient proverb

Going against the IRS without a tax lawyer is like riding buck naked in a motocross race, you probably won’t win and if you crash, the results could be fatal.

As a tax resolution specialist for the past 10+ years, I have my obvious bias. At TRS, we are a team of highly specialized tax resolution experts including? tax attorneys , CPAs, EAs (enrolled agent tax experts) and others who have been providing income tax help for a combined 150 years of experience. We have helped provide IRS tax relief for people who have tax problems with back taxes, late filing, tax fraud, theft (from Madoff and other Ponzi schemes) and more. We have seen the substantial tax relief success our team can bring. We’ve also seen the disasters that strike those who dare to go solo.

Those who decide to fight the IRS by themselves may be motivated by misinformation. Tax resolution complaints are on the rise, as are outright tax resolution scams (official looking IRS snail mail or email that not only steal your identity but also tricks some victims into writing big checks to the “tax resolution firm”). Tin foil hat conspiracy theorists claim that the whole tax resolution industry is nothing but a giant tax relief scam. They say the IRS works for you, the people, and the IRS has your best interests at heart.? You can beat an IRS audit, they say, with the free tax help the IRS provides. If you believe that, I’ve got a bridge in Brooklyn I’d like to sell you.

So with all those caveats aside, if you are bound and determined to fight the law without a safety net, here are a few tips.

Remember that free tax help that the IRS provides?? You get what you pay for here. There’s the IRS Taxpayer Advocate Service: www.irs.gov/advocate/index.html. They won’t help you in an audit except to tell you who your auditor is and how it is progressing. If you think you’ve been treated unfairly by the IRS, these are the folks you complain to. Remember that these bureaucrats say they are on your side, but ultimately the government writes their paychecks. They have no real economic incentive to make sure you win. A tax lawyer does.

The IRS web site is a mess when it comes to finding tips on how to survive an audit. The best publication to get you started is IRS Publication 556: www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p556.pdf. If you feel confused by this IRS document, you’re not alone. Making sense of “IRS help documents” is what keeps tax attorneys in business. Tax lawyers can drastically change the tax resolution you get from your IRS audit.

You can find a lot of advice on how to survive an IRS audit online.? Nolo.com has a very good (if slightly flawed) taxes and audit section Here you’ll get solid tax advice like:

Don’t answer unless asked. Give the auditor no more information than she is entitled to, and don’t talk any more during the audit than is absolutely necessary. Don’t give copies of other years’ tax returns to the auditor. In fact, don’t bring to an audit any documents that do not pertain to the year under audit, or were not specifically requested by the audit notice.

Know your rights. Browse IRS Publication 1, explaining the Taxpayers’ Bill of Rights, prior to your audit. If the audit is not going well, demand a recess to consult a tax pro. Ask to speak to the auditor’s manager if you think the auditor is treating you unfairly. If the subject of tax fraud comes up during an audit, don’t try to handle it yourself.

Appeal the results. When you get the examination report, call the auditor if you don’t understand or agree with it. Meet with her or her manager to see if you can reach a compromise. If you can’t live with an audit result, you may appeal within the IRS or go on to tax court.

Roy Lewis at? Motley Fool likens going into an IRS audit without a tax lawyer to “removing your own appendix,” but he offers a few nuggets of IRS advice including:

Organize your records. Making the auditor’s job easier will win you some points. The auditor will at least believe that you’re an organized person and that all of your items are documented and justified. Don’t be afraid to group the items in question, or attach an adding-machine tape that matches the tax return. That will allow the auditor to quickly review the important issues. Don’t believe those who tell you that you can just throw your records in a bag, drop it on the auditor’s desk, and shout, “You figure it out!” That just doesn’t work. Remember, it’s your legal responsibility to prove your deductions.

Replace missing records. If you’re going through your records and find that some of them are missing, call for duplicates immediately. Don’t just go to the audit and claim that the records are missing or lost. That does you no good at all. At best, the auditor will request that you obtain the records. At worst, the deduction in question will be denied, since there are no supporting documents.

Provide only copies. Don’t bring original documents to the audit. If you do bring originals, do not give them to the agent. Request that the agent make copies and give the originals back to you. Once you hand over your original documents, there’s a very good chance that they will be misplaced or lost. Then you’re the one left holding the bag, since the IRS isn’t responsible for documents lost in its possession.

The most detailed IRS audit advice comes from CFPs and CPAs. For example in this article (http://www.unclefed.com/AuthorsRow/GretaHicks/audit.html) Greta P. Hicks, CPA offers a detailed approach on how to prepare for the four types of audits the IRS performs.

Even Microsoft has better advice for businesses on surviving an audit than the IRS does.

Bottom line, when you battle the IRS who do you want in your corner? Someone (you) who is facing the IRS for the first time, or someone who has been winning against them for decades?

If a layman attempts to go through this process without proper expert representation, their Offer in Compromise will not only get rejected but they will end up owing the IRS more money (in additional accruing penalties and interest) than when they started the process. Remember that the IRS is the most brutal collection agency on the planet.

At TRS, we encourage our clients to do themselves and their loved ones a favor by exercising their right to have expert representation before the IRS. From our 150 plus years of combined experience, we know that waiting only makes matters worse. Once we are retained by a client, we take over all communication with the IRS.

The cash you “save” by not hiring a reputable tax attorney may be the most expensive money in your life. And you may have a long time to consider the cost of going it alone as you write big checks to the government for the rest of your life or worse yet, repenting at leisure while you’re pumping your biceps in the prison yard. It’s your call.

Many people do not think ahead about reducing taxes during their retirement years. But actually there are many ways to reduce the amount of taxes that you pay during your retirement years. Some of these include.
Maximizing the nontaxable amount of your retirement plan benefits by taking a lump sum distribution limited to your previous contributions. Planning the order and timing of (a) retirement plan rollovers and (b) IRA distributions to maximize the nontaxable amount.
Eliminating withholding tax on retirement plan distributions by making a trustee to trustee rollover to your IRA. Electing to defer tax on the distribution to you of your employer’s stocks and bonds. Carefully considering whether and when you should convert your regular IRA to a Roth IRA.
Planning the order and timing of (a) retirement plan rollovers and (b) Roth IRA conversions to maximize the nontaxable amount. Reversing your previous conversion of an IRA to a Roth IRA because of change circumstances. Obtaining temporary use of retirement or IRA funds without paying tax or interest on the funds.
Deferring or accelerate income or deductions between tax years to minimize tax on social security benefits. Choosing distribution alternatives that delay taxation of required minimum distributions from retirement plans and IRAs.
Taking a partial lump sum distribution from a personally purchased annuity or a funded nonqualified plan after the annuity has started, rather than before. Carefully consider whether your rollover of retirement plan funds to an IRA should include your previous contributions to the plan. Carefully considering whether to roll over your employer’s stocks and bonds to an IRA.
Electing the most favorable method for computing the tax on a lump sum distribution from your retirement plan, if you were born before January 1, 1936. Deferring income (or accelerate deductions) between tax years to qualify for a Roth IRA conversion.
Choosing the distribution methods and distribution periods for your retirement, IRA, an annuity benefits that maximize the deferral of your taxes. Taking the first required minimum distribution from your retirement plan or IRA in the tax year generating the lowest tax. Structuring distributions from your retirement plans or IRAs to avoid the penalty tax on premature distributions.
Electing the most favorable method for computing the tax on lump sum payments of prior year social security benefits. Determining the percentage of disability insurance premiums you paid a to maximize the nontaxable portion of your disability benefits. Qualifying for nontaxable VA disability benefits to replace taxable U.S. Military retired pay. Preserving your surviving spouses right to elect to own your IRA or Roth IRA.
Preserving the right of your beneficiaries to choose between alternative methods of distribution of your retirement and IRA benefits. Establishing separate IRA accounts for your beneficiaries to maximize their tax deferrals. Designating a trust as the beneficiary of your retirement or IRA benefits to provide better control of funds.
Devising an estate plan that reduces or eliminates federal estate taxes on your retirement or IRA benefits. Making a charitable beneficiary designation that will eliminate taxes on retirement or IRA benefits. Using multiple trusts as IRA beneficiaries to maximize tax deferral.

Don?t let the upcoming tax season fill you with dread. With a little preparation, you can learn to navigate the tax return preparation maze with confidence. To get you started, here are the basics of what you need to know when filing your tax return:

There are two ways in which to file your tax return, by IRS e-file or by mailing a paper return to the IRS.

Electronic Filing
IRS e-file is the electronic transmission of your tax return to the IRS. As a result, the processing of IRS e-file returns is more accurate than the processing of paper returns. You must have a valid Social Security number for every person included on the return to qualify for electronic filing.

If you e-file, your return is considered filed on time if the authorized electronic return transmitter postmarks the transmission by the due date. The electronic postmark is a record of when the authorized electronic return transmitter received the transmission of your electronically filed return on its host system. The date and time in your time zone controls whether the electronically filed return is timely.

Paper Returns

If you do not e-file your tax return, you can mail your return in the envelope provided with your tax form package. If you do not have an addressed envelope or you moved during the year, mail your return to the appropriate Internal Revenue Service Center listed for your state in your IRS tax form package.

Your paper return is filed on time if it is mailed in an envelope that is properly addressed and postmarked by the due date. If you send your return by registered mail, the date of the registration is the postmark date. The registration is evidence that the return was delivered. If you send a return by certified mail and have your receipt postmarked by a postal employee, the date on the receipt is the postmark date. The postmarked certified mail receipt is evidence that the return was delivered.

If you use a private delivery service designated by the IRS to send your return, the postmark date generally is the date the private delivery service records in its database or marks on the mailing label. The private delivery service can tell you how to obtain written proof of this date. IRS designated private delivery services are listed below:

* Airborne Express (Airborne): Overnight Air Express Service, Next Afternoon Service, and Second Day Service

* DHL Worldwide Express (DHL): DHL Same Day Service and DHL USA Overnight

* Federal Express (FedEx): FedEx Priority Overnight, FedEx Standard Overnight, FedEx 2Day, FedEx International Priority, and FedEx International First

* United Parcel Service (UPS): UPS Next Day Air, UPS Next Day Air Saver, UPS 2nd Day Air, UPS 2nd Day Air A.M., UPS Worldwide Express Plus, and UPS Worldwide Express

Filing Late

If you do not file your return by the due date, you may be subject to a failure-to-file penalty and interest. To avoid penalties and interest, file for an extension by before this date. If you were due a refund, but you did not file a return, you must file within three years from the date the return was originally due to obtain that refund.

Filing an Extension

When you file an extension, you can postpone filing your return until October 15. However, if you do not pay any tax owed by the due date, you will accrue penalty and interest charges. Complete Form 4868, Application for Automatic Extension of Time to File U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, to file for a six-month extension. If you estimate that you have a balance due, include this payment with the form.

For example, James and Sally Gaylord are married and file a joint return. Their home was damaged by a tornado and they have contacted their investment company to resend them Forms 1099 so they can file their tax return. It does not appear that they will have this information by April 17, so they decide to ask for an extension by filing Form 4868. James and Sally estimate that their total tax liability for 2006 will be $1,843. Their Forms W-2 indicate that a total of $1,215 of federal income tax has been withheld. To avoid late payment penalty and interest, James and Sally must pay $628 with their Form 4868.

E-filing Extensions

The IRS offers e-filing of extension applications. The IRS will process Form 4868 through the original due date of your tax return. By filing an extension, you postpone the filing date of your return until October 15; however, any tax due on the return will be subject to interest and penalties if not paid by the due date.

Installment Agreement

If you are not in bankruptcy and have a balance due, but cannot pay your full tax liability by the due date, you should consider the IRS installment plan. To request an installment agreement, complete Form 9465, Installment Agreement Request, and attach it to the front of your tax return or include it with an e-filed return. You can also request an Installment Agreement after you file your tax return by filing Form 9465 by itself to the address shown in the form instructions or by e-filing Form 9465 by itself. If the IRS approves the request, you will be charged a fee and interest on any unpaid balance. The fee has been increased in 2007 to $52 for agreements to pay direct debit and to $105 for all others. Although you generally may have up to 60 months to pay, you should make the payments large enough so that the balance due will be paid off by the due date of your next return. Before requesting an Installment Agreement, you should consider less costly alternatives, such as a bank loan.

Record Keeping

It is a good idea to keep your previous tax returns, as well as other important documents that have affected your income and deductions, for at least three years. If you need a copy of a prior- year return, you can obtain it for a fee from the IRS by filing Form 4506, Request for Copy of Tax Return. This can take up to 60 calendar days.

Change of Address

Are you planning a move before the end of the year? The IRS has an official change-of- address form, Form 8822, Change of Address. If you complete and mail this form to the appropriate IRS Service Center, you should receive your tax booklet at your new address.

For more tax tips and information on tax preparation, please visit the Tax Resource Center at http://www.jacksonhewitt.com.

About the Author

R.L. Fielding has been a freelance writer for 10 years, offering her expertise and skills to a variety of major organizations in the education, pharmaceuticals and healthcare, financial services, and manufacturing industries. She lives in New Jersey with her dog and two cats and enjoys rock climbing and ornamental gardening.

This time of year, now through the first quarter of next year, you will see articles offering year-end tax planning tips. Tax planning tips can increase income in future years, so be careful. Many tax tips often involve accelerating deductions, deferring income, or last-minute charitable deductions (the first three following tips).

For example you may be compelled to make a large charitable contribution this year by December 31st. However if you could be in a higher tax bracket next year because your income is going up because of a substantial raise or bonus, you would have been better off to make the contribution next year. Some may say this is heartless, but I say just the reverse. If you pay less in taxes because of good planning, your will be better off financially and able to give more in the future.

If you have volatile income, before you use the tax savings tips here and in other articles, you may want to run projections for this year and next. A good accountant will run these calculations for you, but understand that tax law changes from year to year and from one administration to the next can often make predicting tricky.

1. Defer income

If you are able to defer income, such as commissions and bonuses until next year, you might be able to pay lower income taxes this year. However, you must consider what your income and taxes will be next year to be sure that you are not actually increasing your taxes.

2. Accelerating deductions

Accelerating major deductions such as state income taxes, property taxes, and mortgage interest may help anyone, especially during a high-income year. If you don’t think your personal income tax bracket will be higher next year, and you’re not affected by the alternative minimum tax, you can make state and/or local tax payments before the end of this year so you can take a deduction this year.

3. Charitable Contributions

Consider making chartable deductions before the end of the year to receive a deduction. You must make the contribution by 12/31/2007.

Donate appreciated property such as real estate or stock instead of the proceeds of the sale. You may be able to receive a deduction for the value of the contribution without paying tax on the growth portion resulting from a sale, then a gift. If you intend to transfer appreciated property, begin early since it will take several weeks to make the change.

4. Alternative minimum tax traps

Many people face large AMT bills compared to previous years. Be warned if you have larger than usual medical expenses, non-federal income and real estate taxes, or miscellaneous itemized deductions; or if you have exercised large stock options, to name a few.

Year-end tax planning strategies can backfire under AMT. Be very careful accelerating some deductions and exercising stock options at year end. See a tax professional for information on your specific tax situation.

5. Be careful when investing new money in mutual funds at the end of the year

Call the mutual fund and find out when the distribution date is. You may want to purchase after the distribution date to avoid owing taxes on fund shares that you owned only for a short period of time and had little to no gain.

6. Contribute the maximum to retirement accounts

Contribute the maximum allowable to employer-sponsored defined contribution retirement plans, such as profit sharing, 401(k), 403(b) and 457(b) plans. This not only provides an excellent tax deduction, but it also helps you to plan for your future retirement.

You may want to contribute to an IRA; up to $2,000 is fully deductible if you did not participate in a company-sponsored retirement plan or if your income falls below certain levels.

If you are self-employed, you can contribute more to a pension plan than into an IRA. You have until December 31 to set up the plan.

7. Investment Losses

If your investment portfolio has stock that has depreciated in value and is worth less than when you originally purchased it, you may want to consider selling it. You may be able to use that loss to offset capital gains and ordinary income.

Be careful though; investment decisions should not just be for tax purposes. Make sure that you do your research before selling any investment. Some people react too quickly when investments lose value; others sometimes hold on too long. If you decide to sell and invest in something new, make sure that you examine your portfolio to ensure that you have the right mix of investments to match your investment profile, risk propensity and asset allocation model.

8. Save for College

Consider contributing to your child’s college savings into a 529 plan. The contributions are not deductible on your Federal return, but parents may be able to write off contributions up to a certain dollar amount on their state income tax return. Log on to SavingforCollege.com to find out information about your state.

9. Home Improvements

Here is a great deal. How about saving energy and the environment, lower utility bills, increase the value of your home and save on taxes all at once. Projects for the home’s shell (insulation, windows, sealing) and heating and cooling may qualify for a one time tax credit of $500. However you are running out of time, since they must be in place by the end of 2007. So while crawling around your attic looking for ornaments, think of adding insulation. If you made home improvements over the last couple of years, be sure to dig up your records; you may already be eligible.

Before moving forward on one of these projects, make sure that you get full information about these and other energy efficient tax incentives from The Tax Incentives Assistance Project at http://www.energytaxincentives.org/. There you will find more information about Home Shell and Heating & Cooling as well as Hybrid Passenger Vehicles and Solar Energy Systems.

10. If self-employed, buy equipment and supplies

Have you been putting off buying needed business equipment and supplies, or do you know that you will soon need them? Now may be the time to invest in your business and save taxes as well. Business tax can be complex; therefore it may be wise to first call your accountant prior to large purchases.

11. Give gifts to children

When you give to friends and family, it is usually not taxable to the recipient or the giver. Many people do not realize though if that gift exceeds $12,000 per person it is taxable to the giver, and at a high rate. Therefore, if you intend to give anyone more than that amount, you could give some this year and some next. The second tip is that you and your spouse can both give $12,000 per person, doubling the amount not subject to tax. Be sure to consult your legal and tax advisor prior to making all gifts.

Directors of companies are not self employed but employees of that company. In essence anyone who is in business either as a sole trader or part of a partnership and receives income that is not taxed under the PAYE system is effectively self-employed. Occasional miscellaneous receipts would not be regarded as self employment and should be entered on the tax return as all other income.
A regular source of receipts would be regarded as self employment income. Everyone considering themselves self employed should register with the Inland Revenue within 3 months of starting trading or risk a penalty fine of 100 pounds.
Keep a record of all transactions.
Sales turnover is the amount the business earns before deducting business expenses including receipts of any kind for goods sold or work done such as commission, tips, payments in kind, fees and insurance proceeds. Sales of fixed assets are excluded from sales turnover as are Business Start up grants which are entered in a different section of the self assessment tax return.
Excel spreadsheets make a good solution to record the sales income and bank receipts as part of the small business accounting software. Check the amounts deposited do not exceed the declared turnover which would indicate that you have understated your sales and your tax liability would at the least be increased unless you could provide a solid reason for the anomaly.
Ensure financial, purchase and sales records are compatible.
Compatibility will vary from business to business. Examples if you post 100 EBay items your records should show 100 items of income and 100 items of postage. Buy food for a restaurant for resale at four times cost, some wastage is inevitable but the underlying compatibility between sales generated and purchases should be reasonable.
The average number of meals sold from a take-away shop should be compatible with the number of take-away cartons purchased. A taxi driver should not claim fuel receipts during his holiday period and the fuel bills should be compatible with the fares obtained. Unusual and incompatible expenditure declared on the self assessment tax return can and do trigger Inland Revenue enquiries.
Many Inland Revenue enquiries result in a higher tax liability due to the scrupulous professional way in which compliance investigations are carried out.
Obtain receipts for everything.
Tax payers lose millions each year by not obtaining or retaining receipts for expenses. If you are claiming fuel costs for a business trip and fill up with 50 pounds of petrol get a receipt. The tax saved by including that receipt in your accounts is 11 pounds at basic tax rates and 20 pounds at higher tax rates.
If your business turnover is over the vat threshold of 64,000 pounds p.a. for 2007-08 the receipt is worth even more. 16.81 pounds vat and income tax at basic tax rate and 24.47 pounds at the higher income tax rate. The same is true for all other business receipts.
Obtain a receipt for everything.
If you lose a receipt then still include that expenditure in your accounting records but if your tax return is enquired into by the Inland Revenue that expenditure may be disallowed unless you can argue and sometimes prove the expense was in fact incurred. May help to note in your records - receipt lost.
Do not mix business and personal.
The general rule is that items solely for business use can be claimed for tax purposes and the business proportion of personal expenditure may be allowed although the rules are applied quite strictly. If you purchase both business and personal items from a supplier the business expenses only can be claimed but if you obtained all the items on a single receipt you would be disallowed the cost of that journey as it was not solely for business purposes.
Claim business expenses incurred prior to trading.
Business expenses incurred up to seven years prior to trading actually commencing can be deducted from business turnover if these expenses were solely for the future business purposes. Enter such expenses in your accounting records as if they had been incurred on the first day of trading but show the actual purchase date.
Claim home costs if you work from home.
If part of your home is identifiable as solely for business purposes then home costs can be claimed. The cost allowed is the proportion of the total area of the home the business area occupies. For example, excluding shared facilities of kitchen and toilet if the home has three bedrooms, living and dining room and one bedroom is used solely as an office then 1/5 of home costs could be claimed. The home costs to claim would be heat and light, insurance, general and water rates and mortgage interest excluding repayment amounts.
Where mortgage interest is claimed the revenue might also claim as a capital gain the increase in value of that proportion of the home, such Capital Gains Tax being subject to tapering relief over time. It may be safer not to claim mortgage interest as part of the home costs.
Take care if claiming the wages of a partner against profits.
Partner wages can be deducted as a business expense although there are rules which would be applied in such circumstances to ensure the amount paid is both real and reasonable. The business would need to operate a PAYE scheme for the partner wages, deducting income tax and national insurance, and produce all the statutory requirements.
The work carried out must be real not invented and the rate paid reasonable for the nature of the work and the time spent. Evidence may also be required that the partner wages were actually physically paid to that partner, for example in the form of a cheque.
Claim vehicle costs or mileage allowances.
Vehicle running costs and expenses such as fuel, excise duty, insurance, repairs and breakdown membership may be claimed as business expenses if the vehicle is used solely for business purposes. Travel from home to work is not business use and disallowed. The proportion of vehicle running costs and capital allowances which are claimable are dependent upon the proportion the vehicle is used for business and personal use.
Parking fees for business purposes may be claimed. Parking fines and penalties for motoring expenses are not claimable as business expenses for tax purposes. An alternative to claiming vehicle running costs and vehicle capital allowances would be to claim mileage allowances which at the time of writing are 40p for the first 10,000 miles and 25p per mile thereafter.
Write off expenditure against taxable profit unless the item is a fixed asset.
Depreciation is not allowed and replaced by Capital allowances for the purposes of calculating the tax payable. Capital allowances are designed to write off the cost of purchasing a fixed asset over the life of the asset rather than in the financial year in which it was purchased thereby spreading the tax relief on the asset over those years.
Many assets purchased by small businesses fall into a grey area as whether they are fixed assets or normal business expenses. Generally a fixed asset would be defined as an item that would be used by the business over several years and usually of significant value. 100% tax relief is obtained on items purchased which are not fixed assets and automatically claimed whatever the small business accounting software.
Avoid fines and penalties by submitting tax returns on time.
Accounting records and Self assessment tax returns should be prepared well in before the first submission date of 30th September to enable the information to be checked and verified before submission to ensure all possible claimable expenses have been included. The final deadline for submission is 31st January with late returns and payments being subject to penalty fines and interest payments which should be avoided.